MES (2-Morpholinoethanesulphonic acid), a zwitterionic buffer, is effective in the pH range of 5.5-7.7. MES, as one of the Good’s buffers, is broadly used to regulate pH value for plants culture medium, reagent solution, and physiological experiments.

VLX600 is an iron-chelating oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor, is a cell-permeable anticancer agent.

2-Aminopurine is a double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase R (PKR) inhibitor.